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Tupolev Tu-160

Tupolev · Strategic bomber · In service — production restarted

The largest combat aircraft in history.

Length54.1 m
Wingspan55.7 m
Range12,300 km
MTOW275 t
Built40
First flight1981
Our numbers

Derived metrics

Computed by aircraft.fyi from the core specification — see how we calculate these.

Range per tonne#43 of 65
44.7 km/t maximum range ÷ MTOW in tonnes
Span-to-length ratio#16 of 68
1.03 wingspan ÷ fuselage length
Weight per metre#6 of 68
5.08 t/m MTOW ÷ fuselage length
Range in hours#37 of 65
5.5 h maximum range ÷ cruise speed
Sense of scale

How big is it, really?

The Tupolev Tu-160's wingspan, against things you already know the size of.

Tupolev Tu-16055.7 m
Football pitch (width)68 m
Blue whale25 m
New Routemaster bus11.2 m
You (probably)1.75 m
Specification

The numbers

Length54.10 m
Wingspan (spread)55.70 m
Wingspan (swept)35.60 m
Height13.10 m
MTOW275,000 kg
SpeedMach 2.05
Range≈12,300 km
Engines4 × Kuznetsov NK-32
First flight18 December 1981
Built≈40 (+ new Tu-160M)

Compare it

Put the Tupolev Tu-160 next to something

Last verified: 2026-07-14 · Spot an error? business@luck.fyi

The story

What makes it different

The Tu-160 is the biggest and heaviest combat aircraft ever flown: 275 tonnes at maximum weight, wings that sweep from 55.7 metres spread to 35.6 swept, and four afterburning engines that push it past Mach 2. Russian crews call it the White Swan for its anti-flash white finish; NATO calls it Blackjack.

It first flew in 1981 as the counterpart to the American B-1, entering service later that decade. Its variable-geometry wings sweep from 55.7 metres spread to 35.6 swept, and four afterburning NK-32s — the most powerful engines ever fitted to a combat aircraft — push it past Mach 2.

It is a rare giant of its generation still being built: production restarted with the modernised Tu-160M. At 54.1 metres it is the longest combat aircraft ever constructed, and the heaviest ever flown.

Common questions

Tupolev Tu-160 — the short answers

How fast is the Tupolev Tu-160?
The Tupolev Tu-160 cruises at about 2,220 km/h — roughly 1199 knots, or 1,380 mph.
How far can the Tupolev Tu-160 fly?
The Tupolev Tu-160 has a maximum range of about 12,300 km (6,641 nautical miles, 7,644 miles). At its cruise speed that is roughly 5.5 hours in the air.
Is the Tupolev Tu-160 still in production?
Status: In service — production restarted. The Tupolev Tu-160 first flew in 1981, and about 40 have been built.
How big is the Tupolev Tu-160?
The Tupolev Tu-160 is 54.1 m long with a wingspan of 55.7 m and a height of 13.1 m. Its maximum takeoff weight is 275,000 kg.
Variants

The Tupolev Tu-160 line

Tu-160
The original production bomber.
Tu-160M
The modernised, new-production standard.
Operators

Who flies the Tupolev Tu-160

All 1 current operators, verified 2026-07-14. Fleet counts are approximate where marked ≈.

RURussian Aerospace ForcesThe sole operator — the Long-Range Aviation fleet, being joined by new-build Tu-160Ms.≈17